Visualization refers to the practice of seeking to impact the outer world by altering one's thoughts and expectations. Visualization is the fundamental technique underlying positive thinking and is frequently utilized by athletes to enhance their performance. Visualization is the technique of utilizing one's imagination to visualize particular behaviors or events occurring in one's life. Advocates propose producing a detailed schema of what one wants and then visualizing it again and again with all of the senses (i.e., what do you see? what do you feel? what do you hear? what does it smell like?). For instance, in sports a golfer might visualize the perfect stroke again and again to mentally train motor skills memory.

In one of the most long-familiar studies on visualization in sports, Russian scientists equated four groups of Olympic athletes in terms of their physical and mental training ratios: Study group 1 got 100% physical training; Study group 2 got 75% physical training with 25% mental training; Study group 3 got 50% mental training with 50% physical training;